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991.
与非线性区域预测方法结合的月延伸预报试验Ⅰ:纬向平均环流的预报 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为克服数值模式普遍存在的纬向平均环流预报误差,文中在36a NCEP/NCAR再分析高度场资料的基础上,应用非线性时空序列预测理论的局域近似法构建了200,300,500和700hPa4个等压面上的月尺度逐候纬向平均高度距平场非线性动力学区域预报模型.对1996年12个月所做的预报试验表明,无论是南、北半球中高纬度地区还是低纬度地区,非线性模型的候纬向平均高度预报结果均优于持续性预报、气候预报和T42L9模式动力预报.用非线性结果对T42L9模式月平均高度场预报结果进行订正,则使该谱模式系统性预报误差显著减少,也大大减少了其预报高度场的均方根误差,相应地,高度场距平相关评分也有一定程度的提高,表明纬向平均高度的非线性预报比谱模式动力预报包含了更多的有用信息. 相似文献
992.
面向Internet的农业气象产量动态预报 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
针对信息时代Internet网上用户对产量预报动态查询的需求 ,探讨了面向Inter net的农业气象产量预报的解决方案。试验结果表明 ,由于作物生长发育和产量形成是一个光、温、水、土条件长期、综合作用 ,生物量长期累积的过程 ,因此利用积分回归方法 ,考虑全生育期光、温、水气象因子的综合影响 ,根据已出现的天气实况 ,在假定后期天气条件正常的情况下 ,有可能预测出未来产量的趋势。随着天气实况的逐一出现 ,后期的预报结果可望逐步接近实际值。统计检验和试报结果误差均在允许范围内。 相似文献
993.
Stress Changes Modelled for the Sequence of Strong Earthquakes in the South Iceland Seismic Zone Since 1706 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The South Iceland seismic zone is, roughly speaking, situated between two sections of the mid-Atlantic ridge, i.e., the Reykjanes Ridge southwest of Iceland and the Eastern Volcanic Zone on the island. It is a transform zone, where earthquakes are expected to occur on E-W-trending left-lateral shear faults, equivalent to conjugate, N-S-oriented right-lateral, rupture planes. In fact, earthquakes take place on en-échelon N-S-oriented faults, which is indicated by the distribution of main shock intensities, aftershocks as well as by surface fault traces. The stress field continuously generated in the fault zone by opening of the adjacent ridges is computed and superimposed on the stress field changes induced by a series of 13 earthquakes (M 6) between 1706 and 2000. The level of the pre-seismic stress field is analysed as well as the size of the area under high stress. Finally, the post-seismic stress field of June 2000 is analysed, to see where high stresses might have accumulated. The modelling indicates that the rupture planes located on separated parallel N-S-striking zones are dense enough to lead to an area-wide stress release by the series of events. The obtained pre-seismic stress level for most events is high and stable with the exception of situations when several strong shocks occur over a time span of several days, i.e., display typical main shock-aftershock patterns. The size of areas under high stress aside from of the rupture plane, i.e., where no event occurs at the specific time, is of medium to small size. 相似文献
994.
995.
Prediction of permafrost distribution on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the next 50 and 100 years 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
NAN Zhuotong LI Shuxun & CHENG Guodong State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering Cold Arid Regions Environmental Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China Correspondence should be addressed to Nan Zhuotong 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(6):797-804
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP)has the highestand largest permafrost coverage in the low-middlelatitudes all over the world.With the progress ofChina’s Western Development,human activities areincreasing significantly on the QTP.For instance,theQinghai-Tibet Railway project started in June2001iscurrently under construction,but permafrost problemwill be one of the critical factors for the engineeringconstruction.Frost heave and permafrost settlementmay destroy engineering construction[1,2]… 相似文献
996.
An integrated decision method for prediction of tropical cyclone movement by using genetic algorithm 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
YANG Yuanqin & WANG Jizhi . National Meteorological Center Beijing China . Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(3):429-440
Typhoon disaster is one of the most influentialnatural disasters. The strong storm surge of Bangla-desh cyclone, which happened in November 1970,resulted in 300000 deaths. Asia and the western Pa-cific can be regarded as an area where is affected mostseverely by the disasters of tropical storms[1]. Themost important thing is to improve the accuracy oftyphoon tracks prediction internationally. Lande-sea,C.[2] pointed out that for a successful forecast oftropic cyclone (TC) tracks, it is not … 相似文献
997.
998.
999.
Hardman-Mountford NJ Allen JI Frost MT Hawkins SJ Kendall MA Mieszkowska N Richardson KA Somerfield PJ 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,50(12):1463-1471
Adaptive management of the marine environment requires an understanding of the complex interactions within it. Establishing levels of natural variability within and between marine ecosystems is a necessary prerequisite to this process and requires a monitoring programme which takes account of the issues of time, space and scale. In this paper, we argue that an ecosystem approach to managing the marine environment should take direct account of climate change indicators at a regional level if it is to cope with the unprecedented change expected as a result of human impacts on the earth climate system. We discuss the purpose of environmental monitoring and the importance of maintaining long-term time series. Recommendations are made on the use of these data in conjunction with modern extrapolation and integration tools (e.g. ecosystem models, remote sensing) to provide a diagnostic approach to the management of marine ecosystems, based on adaptive indicators and dynamic baselines. 相似文献
1000.
Hildegard?WestphalEmail author Iris?Surholt Christian?Kiesl Holger F. ?Thern Thomas?Kruspe 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2005,162(3):549-570
Carbonate rocks are well known for their complex petrophysical behavior where, in contrast to siliciclastic rocks, different parameters, including porosity and permeability, usually are not directly related. This behavior is the result of thorough reorganization of porosity during diagenesis, and it turns prediction of reservoir quality of carbonate rocks into a challenge. The study presented here deals with the problem of utilizing NMR techniques in prediction of petrophysical properties in carbonates.We employ a visual porosity classification as a priori knowledge for better interpreting NMR data for prediction purposes. This allows for choice of suitable T2 cutoff values to differentiate movable from bound fluids adapted for the specific carbonate rock, thus resulting in better interpretation of NMR data. The approach of using a genetic pore type classification for adapting the conventional method for T2 cutoff determination, which originally was developed for siliciclastic rocks, is promising. Similarly, for permeability determination on the basis of NMR measurements, the classification of carbonate rocks based on porosity types also shows potential. The approach implemented here has the promise to provide a basis of standardized interpretation of NMR data from carbonate rocks.Acknowledgment We are grateful to Baker Hughes INTEQ, Celle, for permission to publish the results of this work. This study was part of I.S.s Masters Thesis at Hannover University that was carried out in collaboration with Baker Hughes INTEQ, Celle, Germany. We appreciate comments of an anonymous referee and PAGEOPH editor Brian J. Mitchell. 相似文献